Divorce Attorneys Newport News VA:Custody Guidelines

Divorce Attorneys For Women Newport News VA: Custody Guidelines

by www.DivorceLawyersNewportNewsVa.com

Where the children are presently is a big consideration of the courts in Newport News VA when determining which parent will be granted custody of the children. Courts simply do not like to take the responsibility for moving the children. The “inertia factor” is the strongest of all, as it furnishes an excuse for a disposition that, should it turn out badly, is less likely to be blamed on the judge.

Who has had the child for the longest recent period is a more sophisticated refinement of the “inertia factor” by the courts inNewport News VA. The more perceptive judges will discount very-recently-acquired “possession” of the children, so as to avoid endorsing the view that possession is 9/10ths of custody law.

Specific nurturing responsibilities and involvements and who has done exactly what parenting chores with and for the child over the last few years is also taken in to consideration by the courts in Newport News VA. This is something easily lied about and hard to prove.

Stability is a major consideration of Courts in Newport News VA, and evidence of steady, even temper and dull predictability is helpful. Long tenure in one residence and one job is very helpful, and in contrast a series of jobs, or of addresses, hurts.

Possession of former family home is helpful, as it affords the children some continuity and it counts more if the children have not left it.

Unselfishness, or ability to place the child’s needs first will be given considerable weight by the courts in Newport News VA when determining which parent will receive custody. We have recently come through a decade that glorified selfishness, and invented scores of euphemisms for it, but it is a quality that judges frequently zero in on – especially in the all-too-frequent case where the parents seem equally fit and a tie-breaker is needed. Many close custody decisions today turn on which parent demonstrated a tendency to place other interests — usually career or new romantic relationships — ahead of the child.

New romantic relationships can be a factor in a parent not being granted custody by the courts. Also, there is a definite line between the mere taking on of a new partner — which is usually approved as showing a healthy realism and re-stabilizing influence — and sexual conduct witnessed by the child. Adultery, fornication or cohabitation in the same household where the child is staying – even if the child does not witness it – is frowned on by judges, and sometimes by the other parent.

Child custody is decided based on “the best interests of the child” in Virginia. The real sub-criteria of this decision seem to be essentially these:

Employment, stable and consistent, is a major factor used by the courts to determine which parent receives custody of the child/children in Newport News VA.

This can present a problem for active duty military at times though, and the deployment status of the parent will be given consideration. Also, it is better to have employment, though not employment that creates a child-care problem. The parent having a job with flexible hours and near the child has a definite advantage.

A consistent plan for the child should be made prior to the custody battle. The parent who wants to win a custody contest should always tell the judge that he or she has a daily plan covering every minute of the day, with no gaps in child care during which the child would be alone somewhere.

Tendency to afford full contact with the other parent and foster good relationships between the children and the other parent will be closely looked at by the judge in Newport News VA when making a custody determination.Attacking the other party in a trial shows the judge a poor prognosis as to this point. Thus it should, to the extent it is avoidable, be avoided in favor of showing the advantages of the client retaining custody. You should be able to say something good about the other parent and something disadvantageous about yourself.

You will also want to be able to describe what visitation you would want to afford the other parent were you to gain custody, and what visitation you will desire if you are not granted custody.

Being the primary caregiver during the child’s early years, is a big plus for the parent seeking custody of their children in Newport News Courts. If the child has special needs, the court will almost always grant custody to the party that has been providing care.

Assuring the child’s safety may seem like a no brainer, but the Judge in Newport News VA does not want to take the risk of harm coming to a child. The parent who can provide the child with a safe and secure neighborhood, a safe walk to school, fenced yard, detached house, etc., will gain favor in a custody hearing.

Continued contact with extended family, should be given more consideration than it does in Virginia Courts, however it will be looked at heavily in cases where one parent may be active duty military. Continued contact with the extended family — especially grandparents, and more especially the in-law grandparents — is an important part of ensuring that the best interest of the children is met. Remember, many judges are grandparents themselves.

Larger living quarters can be a plus and a parent seeking custody of their child should certainly make their Divorce Attorney in Newport News VA ware that they have a larger home for the child.Though courts constantly say that they avoid comparing the material advantages, their decisions show that they favor a large home — particularly one with a separate bedroom for the child.

The child’s performance and stability while with each parent will also be given great consideration by the court system in Newport News VA.How the child’s grades and other measures of performance change when with each parent is important in determining the child’s best interests.

The child’s preference, depending on age, will be given consideration, and this is typically done through the Guardian Ad Litem appointed by the court in Newport News VA to represent the best interest of the child. Above age 13, the judge will probably regard preference as controlling. Age 8-13 judge will probably want to interview a child. Judges may occasionally be curious to meet children ages 6-8 for special reasons.

To Learn More Answers To Questions Like This, Visit Us Online at http://www.DivorceLawyersNewportNewsVa.com and obtain a copy of your FREE Report How To Survive A Divorce.

Franchise Attorneys and Franchise Consultants: Critical Evaluation Questions to Ask

Evaluating franchise attorneys and evaluating franchise consultants can seem a daunting task. But the firm a company selects to assist its entry into franchising, refine existing franchise efforts or make franchise opportunity investment decisions will have profound consequences. While asking for a list of references is one approach (and when is anyone ever dumb enough to provide a bad reference?) there are more objective criteria that are not dependent on selectively disseminated information.

By addressing the nine Franchise Questions, topics and subcategories of information discussed below, you will eliminate virtually 95% of the individuals or firms you are considering. Then efforts can concentrate on evaluating the 5% cream of the crop (especially franchise attorneys) that truly merit consideration:

A. FRANCHISE EXPERT:
The #1 factor in evaluating so-called expertise – are the principals really franchise experts? There are objective criteria to determine this:

(1) Have they qualified and been allowed to testify as a franchise expert in court and arbitration proceedings? Being involved as a franchise expert in the franchise litigation process gives a sensitivity and radar for detecting and avoiding future franchise problems.

(2) How many books on franchising have been written by the principals?

(3) How many franchise articles have been published in journals or magazines?

(4) What is their franchise-related teaching experience? (see topics E and F below)

(5) What is their depth of experience in the franchise industry? (see next topic below)

B. EXPERIENCE IN THE FRANCHISE INDUSTRY:
(1) Length of time the firm has operated exclusively in the franchise industry?

(2) Experience on both sides of the franchise fence – working with franchise companies (franchisors) as well as with individual investors (franchisees) who have purchased a franchise?

(3) Past experience principals have owning and operating a franchised business? This factor is absolutely critical. If the principals have owned and operated a franchise, they bring a unique perspective and radar for avoiding future franchise relationship problems from disgruntled franchise owners.

C. COMPREHENSIVE TRAINING & ONGOING SERVICES; CONTROL SYSTEMS:
(1) Can (and will) the firm train your personnel to operate and manage your new franchise company? Remember, you’re entering an entirely different business, one requiring new skills and abilities. If this topic is not addressed in detail, you might as well earmark the franchise fees received when you sell franchises for a future franchise litigation war chest;

(2) Will the firm help you review and update operational (franchise operations manual) and legal documentation (franchise offering circular) on an ongoing basis?

(3) Has the firm developed, and will they help you put into place, franchise marketing, sales control and legal compliance programs during the critical implementation (start-up) phase of your franchise program?

The existence of these programs is essential to ensure only the cream of franchise applicants are allowed to enter the network, and to create a series of documented files should a dispute arise in the future. Most of the legal risk in franchising occurs during the franchise marketing cycle when franchises are sold. If your company’s done a good job here with these programs, then you’ve eliminated most of the risk.

D. LEGAL: FRANCHISE ATTORNEY
(1) Is the law practice devoted exclusively to franchise law?

(2) Total number of franchise disclosure documents (formerly called franchise offering circulars) drafted and reviewed?

(3) Experience filing franchise registrations and working with state examiners in all 14-plus franchise registration states?

(4) Experience represeting franchise companies as well as persons buying a franchise? Knowing both sides of the fence is a tremendous asset.

E. ACADEMIC: UNIVERSITY & COLLEGE
Experience teaching franchise courses at graduate and undergraduate university levels?

F. ACADEMIC: PROFESSIONAL
Experience teaching franchise courses to franchise attorneys and general practice attorneys?

G. BLEND OF BUSINESS & LEGAL SKILLS:
Specialist franchise attorneys and law firms produce tight legal agreements (sometimes overly so leading to future franchise relationship problems) and usually adequate franchise offering circulars. Setting aside the overly tight contract issue, the problem is most franchise attorneys – franchise lawyers are not capable of making sound, strategic business decisions and providing practical, ongoing advice. Some franchise consultants, on the other hand, have good business sense, but lack the requisite legal skills. Questions:

(1) Does the firm have the proper blend of business savvy and in-house franchise legal expertise? It’s always a big plus if the franchise attorney also has an MBA. You can do a Google search with these twin attributes (franchise attorney MBA) and narrow the field considerably.

(2) Can the firm produce good legal documentation (franchise disclosure documents) and help you edit (or create) consistent operational documents (such as the franchise operations manual, training program, etc.) If your franchise agreement says “x” but your franchise operations manual or advertising materials say “y” about the same issue, be prepared to pay hefty franchise litigation fees and deal with franchise litigation attorneys in the future.

(3)Can the firm provide competent and practical ongoing advice in critical areas like effective franchise marketing, media decisions, interviewing franchise buyers, adopting the best franchise organizational structure, implementing a franchise advisory council, etc? Mistakes made in these areas can easily cost the franchise company tens, if not hundreds of thousands of dollars.

H. CONTRACT FAIRNESS:
Does the firm give you an option of choosing between:
(a) an hourly rate and
(b) a flat contract amount, where you don’t have to worry about accumulated hours and an unknown total amount?

I. RED FLAGS – BEWARE OF ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:

• Combination teams where one entity does one part of the project and another the other part. For example, a consulting firm does planning, and operational documentation, while an attorney “they know very well” writes the legal documentation.

• Or, a variant of the above, the company in the “fine print” of its contract, requires your attorney (who you obviously have to pay) to review and approve everything they do because the company (it says) is not rendering legal advice. Actually, by providing documents that affect legal rights, they are rendering legal advice, but in an illegal manner. It’s called the unauthorized practice of law. You end up paying two attorneys – yours and theirs. Besides the expense, it sets you up for future franchise problems. Their attorney represents who? The franchise packaging group, of course, and definitely not you. He or she is typically a recent law school graduate who hasn’t figured out what they’re doing is illegal and could cause them to lose their license to practice law. Besides that, they represent the franchise consulting group, whose interest is to churn as many franchise packages per year as possible. You end up with a bad franchise disclosure document and sloppy franchise operations manuals. To save time, the franchise agreement gets watered down so it’s easier to push through some franchise registration states. Some of the “t’s” may be crossed and some of the “i’s” dotted, but not most of them. The end product are documents that set you up for future franchise litigation difficulties.

• Firms that advise you to franchise your business, and they’ve never seen your business! You’d be surprised how often this happens.

• Firms that say they’ll write your franchise operations manual for you. How someone, who knows absolutely nothing about your business, could ever come close to anything but a mediocre product at best, is a frightening thought. The use of boilerplate manuals produced by consulting groups is yet another future litigation time bomb. You are the true expert in your business. With competent guidance and editing, you’ll be able to produce a professional and workable operations manuals, if you don’t have these already.

• Pricing quotes that seem exceedingly high or low (especially “do-it-yourself” franchise kits).

• If you are buying a franchise, BEWARE of any attorney recommended by the franchise company. Even worse, beware of franchise companies who say you don’t need to use an attorney. There are a couple of these online.

• Firms (or individuals) that have EVER been sued for fraud, misrepresentation, the unauthorized practice of law or violating any franchise law. DON’T FORGET TO ASK THIS CRITICAL QUESTION!!

©1990-2008, Kevin B. Murphy, B.S., M.B.A., J.D. – all rights reserved

For more informaton, consult the Franchise Foundations website.

 

 

 

How Attorneys Can Help You Understand and Apply Corporate Law in Your Business

Corporate Law, also known as Business Law or Commercial Law, is considered in Los Angeles, California as one of the hardest and booming fields of law. It would be difficult for a person to understand the technical provisions of Corporate Law without the aid of an attorney who specializes in that area. Here are some of the aspects where Corporate Law attorneys can help one in his business:

In Sole Proprietorship

When one person decides and starts to put up a business without the help of another person, a sole proprietorship exists. The proprietor must understand the existing conditions required by law regarding this type of business. Among others, here are some of the guidelines:

• Where and how to register his own business

• How much capital and how many employees are required by law

• What name and seal should be appropriately used

• When and where should business taxes and dues be paid

• How many years should the business exist

• When and how to file bankruptcy

• What are the modes of extinguishing a sole proprietorship

In Partnership

There is an existing partnership when two or more persons decide and agree to put up a business together and share in the profits generated as well as the losses obtained by such, equally or otherwise. Unlike sole proprietorship, more people participate in decision-making regarding the affairs of the partnership. Here are some of the guidelines which must be taken into account by the partners:

• Where and how to register the partnership

• What are the minimum and maximum number of partners required by law

• What contains the Articles of Partnership

• What is the minimum capital required by law

• What is the lifespan of the partnership

• What are the types of partners

• How profits and losses are distributed among partners

• When is a partnership considered as bankrupt or liquidated

• What modes extinguish a partnership

In Corporation

A corporation exists when a number of persons, not being partners, decide and agree to create a business or an association, having its own juridical identity and juridical personality separate and distinct from its incorporators. Some of the guidelines that should be taken into account by the incorporators are the following:

• What are the corporate names allowed by law

• What are the maximum and minimum number of incorporators

• What should be the nationality of the incorporators as well as the corporation itself

• What should contain its By-Laws

• Who should be its Board Members and its Officers

• What are its Mission and Vision

• What is its lifespan

All three types of business, which exist and are widespread in Los Angeles, require careful and meticulous compliance of the Corporate Law. Nonconformity with the law is enough ground for one to lose his establishment. This only means that a person or a group who are planning to put up and maintain a business ought to avail the services of a Corporate Attorney who are skilled in this field of law.

A Corporate Attorney would be able to aid them as they draft their contracts and other legal documents, manage their affairs with clients and other firms, settle disputes and grievance machineries, observe rules and regulations required by the government, meet demands of their employees, and liquidate and extinguish their transactions. Without first consulting with an attorney, firms have a high risk of committing legal errors and this is fatal to their business.

In issues involving corporate and business laws and related concerns, you can consult with our knowledgeable Los Angeles corporate law attorneys. You can visit our website to avail of our free case analysis.